Survey of air dose rate distribution inside and outside of wooden houses in Fukushima Prefecture; Actual condition of dose reduction factor

Kim, M.; Malins, A.*; Machida, Masahiko; Yoshimura, Kazuya; Saito, Kimiaki; Yoshida, Hiroko*

Nihon Genshiryoku Gakkai Wabun Rombunshi (Internet), 22(4), p.156 - 169, 2023/11

https://doi.org/10.3327/taesj.J23.001

Dose reduction factor of a Japanese house is important information in the external exposure estimation of returning residents. In 2019, a total of 19 wooden houses were surveyed in Iitate Village and Namie Town using a gamma plotter that can continuously measure the air dose rate. In addition, the characteristics of the reduction factor were investigated from the measured air dose rate. In the vicinity of houses, uncontaminated areas exist underneath houses and, the ratio of paved surfaces such as asphalt roads is relatively high; furthermore, the pavement has a tendency for the radiation source to decay quickly. Therefore, the air dose rate near the house showed a relatively low value in common at all sites. Air dose rates above unpaved surfaces showed higher values and larger variations than those above paved surfaces within a radius of 50 m form the center of a house. The reduction factor was widely distributed even for one house, if the ratio of every air dose rate observed inside and outside the house is considered. It is suggested that a realistic reduction factor may not be obtained when the reduction factor is obtained based on the measured values at a small number of points that do not have the representativeness of the radiation field to be measured.

Comprehensive exposure assessments from the viewpoint of health in a unique high natural background radiation area, Mamuju, Indonesia

Nugraha, E. D.*; Hosoda, Masahiro*; Kusdiana*; Untara*; Mellawati, J.*; Nurokhim*; Tamakuma, Yuki*; Ikram, A.*; Syaifudin, M.*; Yamada, Ryohei; et al.

Scientific Reports (Internet), 11(1), p.14578_1 - 14578_16, 2021/07

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-93983-2

Mamuju is one of the regions in Indonesia which retains natural conditions but has relatively high exposure to natural radiation. The goals of the present study were to characterize exposure of the entire Mamuju region as a high natural background radiation area (HNBRA) and to assess the existing exposure as a means for radiation protection of the public and the environment. A cross-sectional study method was used with cluster sampling areas by measuring all parameters that contribute to external and internal radiation exposures. It was determined that Mamuju was a unique HNBRA with the annual effective dose between 17 and 115 mSv, with an average of 32 mSv. The lifetime cumulative dose calculation suggested that Mamuju residents could receive as much as 2.2 Sv on average which is much higher than the average dose of atomic bomb survivors for which risks of cancer and non-cancer diseases are demonstrated. The study results are new scientific data allowing better understanding of health effects related to chronic low-dose-rate radiation exposure and they can be used as the main input in a future epidemiology study.

Factors affecting the effectiveness of sheltering in reducing internal exposure

Hirouchi, Jun; Takahara, Shogo; Komagamine, Hiroshi*; Watanabe, Masatoshi*; Munakata, Masahiro

Proceedings of Asian Symposium on Risk Assessment and Management 2017 (ASRAM 2017) (USB Flash Drive), 11 Pages, 2017/11

no abstracts in English

Measurements and evaluations of air dose rates around Fukushima, 3; Characteristics of environmental rays and the exposure doses

Saito, Kimiaki; Endo, Akira

Radioisotopes, 63(12), p.585 - 602, 2014/12

https://doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.63.585

The article provides the fundamental information necessary for the appropriate evaluation of exposure doses in the environment. The basic characteristics of environmental rays from typical environmental sources are introduced; then, the dose conversion coeffcients for the public at different ages are summarized which were obtained from the simulation considering the basic characteristics of environmental rays. Further, the variations of environmental exposure doses due to a variety of factors, and the relation of exposure doses to measured air dose rates are discussed.

Measurement of neutron and -ray absorbed doses inside human body in criticality accident situations using phantom and tissue-equivalent dosimeters

Sono, Hiroki; Kojima, Takuji; Soramasu, Noboru*; Takahashi, Fumiaki

JAERI-Conf 2005-007, p.315 - 320, 2005/08

https://jopss.jaea.go.jp/pdfdata/JAERI-Conf-2005-007.pdf

Personal dosimeters provide a fundamental evaluation of external exposures to human bodies in radiation accidents. The dose distribution inside the body, which is needed to estimate the exposures from a result of personal dosimetry, has been evaluated mostly by computational simulations, while experimental data to verify the simulations are not sufficiently supplied, in particular, in criticality accident situations. For the purpose of obtaining the experimental data on external exposures inside the body, a preliminary experiment on criticality accident dosimetry was carried out at the Transient Experiment Critical Facility (TRACY) using a human phantom and tissue-equivalent dosimeters. The neutron and -ray absorbed doses inside the phantom could be satisfactorily measured by the combined use of an alanine dosimeter and a thermoluminescent dosimeter made of enriched lithium tetra borate. The doses measured in and on the phantom were regarded as reasonable in dose level and distribution by comparison with the doses measured in the free air.

Dose coefficients for radionuclides produced in high energy proton accelerator facilities; Coefficients for radionuclides not listed in ICRP publications

Kawai, Katsuo; Endo, Akira; Noguchi, Hiroshi

JAERI-Data/Code 2002-013, 66 Pages, 2002/05

JAERI-Data-Code-2002-013.pdf:2.75MB
JAERI-Data-Code-2002-013-DoseCD.pdf:81.85MB

Effective dose coefficients by inhalation and ingestion have been calculated for 334 nuclides, including (1) nuclides with half-lives 10min and their daughters that are not listed in ICRP Publications and (2) nuclides with half-lives 10min that are produced in a spallation target. Dose calculation was carried out using a nuclear decay database DECDC and a decay data library newly compiled from the ENSDF. The dose coefficients were calculated with the computer code DOCAP based on the respiratory tract model and biokinetic model of ICRP. The calculated results are presented as tables, which are the same forms as those in ICRP Publs.68 and 72. The complete listings of the dose coefficients are arranged on a CD-ROM, DoseCD, as indexed tables for inhalation of ten particle sizes, ingestion and injection into blood for workers and members of the public. The dose coefficients calculated in the present study are useful to calculate internal doses for a variety of radionuclides produced in high energy proton accelerator facilities.

Estimates of external dose-rate conversion factors and internal dose conversion factors for selected radionuclides released from fusion facilities

Homma, Toshimitsu; Togawa, Orihiko

JAERI-Data/Code 96-034, 47 Pages, 1996/11

JAERI-Data-Code-96-034.pdf:1.64MB

no abstracts in English

Distribution of and cosmic ray exposure rates in a 12-storied concrete building

Radiat.Prot.Dosim., 18(4), p.221 - 228, 1987/04

https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a079908

no abstracts in English

Development of reactor decommissioning technoloogy in JAERI; Radiation control

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Genshiryoku Kogyo, 32(9), p.70 - 74, 1986/09

http://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/40001073098

no abstracts in English

Programs for the Environmental Gamma-ray Measurement with CANBERRA8100/QUANTA System

*;

JAERI-M 82-191, 72 Pages, 1982/12

JAERI-M-82-191.pdf:2.27MB

no abstracts in English